You need to live in Japan for one continuous year to be eligible for permanent residency in Japan if your marital relationship with your Japanese spouse has lasted for 3 years. Then, a question is whether the period in which you stayed in Japan as a short-term visitor is taken into account.
Some spouses of a Japanese citizen come to Japan to live as a short-term visitor and wait for the certificate of eligibility for a Spouse of a Japanese National Visa to be issued. You can stay in Japan for 90 days as a short-term visitor if you are a citizen of a certain country. If your certificate of eligibility is issued two month after you come to Japan and change your visa, you will be eligible if you live in Japan for 10 more months.
However, if you leave Japan once after the period of stay as a short-term visitor ends, that length of the time you were in Japan will not be taken into account.